What is versine in rail track?
The railway track maintenance instruments and equipment – The Versine Measuring Kit is used to measure the horizontal deflection at the centre of a straight line chord of standard length stretched between two points on a circular curve of Railway Track.
What is versine in Ohe?
(4) The versine is obtained by stretching a fishing /nylon chord or wire taut between the end of chord length decided upon, and the measuring distance between the cord/wire and gauge face of the rail at the middle point of the chord .
How is railway curve measured?
Railroad engineers in the U.S. use degree of curvature to determine the sharpness of a curve. The definition is found by connecting two points on an arc with a 100-foot chord, drawing radii from the center of the arc to the chord end-points, and then measuring the angle between these radii lines.
What is negative cant in railway engineering?
NEGATIVE CANT: The outer rail of the main line of curves meets the inner rail of the branch line. As the superelevation is provided on the main line, the outer rail of the main line is at the higher level than the inner rail.
Why curves are provided in railways?
Horizontal Curves In Railway These curves are provided whenever there is change in the direction of alignment of the track. They are usually circular with parabolic transition curves at either end. Horizontal curves are further subdivided into the following categories: 1 ) Simple curves.
What is the radius of O gauge track?
Many true O-scale 2-rail layouts use 72″ radius as a minimum curve (not O-72) – in other words a circle of track requires a room slightly larger than 12′ x 12′.
What are the dimensions of a railroad track?
How wide are railroad tracks? The US standard railroad gauge is 4 feet, 8.5 inches (Gauge means width between the two rails). The U.S. federal safety standards allow the standard gauge to vary from 4 ft 8 in (1,420 mm) to 4 ft 9 1⁄2 in (1,460 mm) for operation up to 60 mph (97 km/h).
What is equilibrium speed in railway?
Definitions – (1) Cant or superelevation is the amount by which one rail is raised above the other rail. (2) Equilibrium speed is the speed at which the centrifugal force developed during the movement of the vehicle on a curved track is exactly balanced by the cant provided.
What is curvature of a track?
In most countries, the measurement of curvature of curved track is expressed in radius. The shorter the radius, the sharper the curve is. For sharper curves, the speed limits are lower to prevent an outward horizontal centrifugal force to overturn the trains by directing its weight toward the outside rail.
What is the objective of coning of wheels?
Coning of wheels helps the outer wheel to travel a longer distance than inner wheel. Explanation: When the locomotive travels a curve centrifugal force acts on it. Due to this the outer wheel moves outwards and has to travel longer distance as compared to the inner wheel. Thus coning of wheels is done.