What is self aligning torque in steering system?
Self aligning torque, also known as aligning torque, aligning moment, SAT, or Mz, is the torque that a tire creates as it rolls along, which tends to steer it, i.e. rotate it around its vertical axis.
What causes self aligning torque?
At its essence, self-aligning torque is the torque (a force that produces rotation) developed by the tire when you’re cornering (which means turning). It aids in steering the vehicle. This tire dynamic is directly affected by centrifugal force, lateral force, cornering force, the slip angle, and relaxation length.
What is ply steer conicity?
Conicity and ply steer are lateral forces developed by tires whose importance has surfaced with radial tire popularity. Understanding their significance is enhanced by knowing their dependence on measurement and usage parameters and tire construction features.
What causes ply steer?
Ply steer describes the lateral force a tire generates due to asymmetries in its carcass as is rolls forward with zero slip angle and may be called pseudo side slip. It is the characteristic that is usually described as the tire’s tendency to “crab walk”, or move sideways while maintaining a straight-line orientation.
How is camber thrust generated?
Camber thrust is generated when a point on the outer surface of a leaned and rotating tire, that would normally follow a path that is elliptical when projected onto the ground, is forced to follow a straight path while coming in contact with the ground, due to friction.
How is conicity calculated?
Methods of calculating the equivalent conicity are as follows: analytical description of profiles of wheels and rails is given; Δr = f(y) characteristic is calculated for each lateral displacement y of the wheelset as the difference between right and left radius of rolling circumference of wheels Δr = rr – rl; the …
How do you check tire conicity?
After test driving, we temporarily cross the suspected tire to the other side of the vehicle. If the vehicle now pulls in the other direction, or stops pulling, it suggests tire conicity. The tire on the side with the pull, is the normal cause. To confirm the issue we rotate the suspected tire back to the rear.
What happens if tires are underinflated?
When your car tire is underinflated, a more significant part of its surface comes into contact with the road, increasing friction. Consequently, the tires tend to overheat, causing tread separation, premature and even wear, and blowouts.