How is pH controlled in a bioreactor?
In the beginning of the culture, pH is regulated in the range 7.0 – 7.4 by playing on the bicarbonate equilibrium. CO2 is added in the sparger to increase dissolved CO2 and decrease pH. Alternatively, air is added in the sparger to strip the dissolved CO2 out and increase pH.
Why is pH important in bioreactor?
Controlling cell culture pH in bioreactors is critical to successful manufacturing. Most culture needs to be maintained in a specific narrow range of pH for maximum productivity. Typical pH range during bioproduction is 7.0± 1.0. Several factors affect pH including temperature, cell growth, lactic acid, and CO2 levels.
Why is pH control important in cell culture operations?
pH control is essential to optimizing biopharma’s key quality parameters, and ensuring final product quality and yield. However, this control can prove elusive, both up and downstream. Metabolic changes within micro-organisms can change the pH of their environment, as can changes in process conditions.
How do bioreactors work?
Bioreactors consist of a of buried trench with woodchips through which the tile water flows before entering a surface water body. Microorganisms from the soil colonize the woodchips. These microorganisms “eat” the carbon from the woodchips and “breathe” the nitrate from the water.
How does pH controller work?
A pH controller consists of a probe to measure the current pH of the substance, chemicals to correct the pH via an injection pump, and a controller that calculates the required injection rate and activates the injection system.
How is pH regulated in cell cultures?
The most common buffer used in mammalian cell culture is sodium bicarbonate. The sodium bicarbonate buffered media becomes sensitive to carbonic acid formed by the concentration of CO2. As long as the level of CO2 is controlled, the pH of the media can be maintained.
What is do control in bioreactor?
Dissolved Oxygen(DO) is one of the significant parameter in an aerobic fermentation process. DO control is difficult to achieve due to the variations in process dynamics during batch/fed-batch processes and the complex nonlinear behavior of the Bioreactor.
What do bioreactors control?
In general, the main functions of a bioreactor control system include process control, monitoring, data gathering, and processing.
Why is bioreactor used?
Bioreactors ensure cell survival through adequate delivery of essential nutrients throughout the three-dimensional tissue engineered construct. Bioreactors can also guide tissue structure, organization, and ultimately function through the application of chemical and mechanical stimuli.
Why do we control pH?
The pH can control the availability of nutrients, biological functions, microbial activity, and the behavior of chemicals. Because of this, monitoring or controlling the pH of soil, water, and food or beverage products is important for a wide variety of applications.
What is used to control pH?
pH control is achieved by the addition of buffers. The theory of buffers is a common part of physical chemistry. Buffers are necessary to adjust and maintain the pH. These can be salts of a weak acid and a weak base.
How does pH affect cells and cellular processes?
Changes in intracellular pH can potentially affect virtually all cellular processes, including metabolism, membrane potential, cell growth, movement of substances across the surface membrane, state of polymerization of the cytoskeleton and ability to contract in muscle cells.