What is the pathophysiology of pericarditis?
Pathophysiology of Pericarditis Acute pericarditis develops quickly, causing inflammation of the pericardial sac and often a pericardial effusion. Inflammation can extend to the epicardial myocardium (myopericarditis). Adverse hemodynamic effects and rhythm disturbance are rare, although cardiac tamponade is possible.
What is pericarditis Slideshare?
Pericarditis • Acute pericarditis refers to inflammation of the pericardial sac. • Acute pericarditis is the most common disorder involving the pericardium.
What is the pathophysiology of pericardial tamponade?
Cardiac tamponade happens when the space around your heart fills with blood or other fluid, putting pressure on your heart. Because of the pressure, your heart can’t beat correctly, causing a drop in blood pressure. Trauma and certain diseases can cause cardiac tamponade. If not treated, it is always fatal.
What is the hallmark sign of pericarditis?
Patients usually recall a nonspecific prodrome of malaise, fever, and chest pain, especially in viral or idiopathic pericarditis. The chest pain is typically pleuritic and radiates to the left shoulder and, characteristically, the left trapezius musculature.
What is the pathophysiology of pericardial effusion?
Pericardial effusion can result from inflammation of the pericardium (pericarditis) after an illness or injury. In some settings, large effusions may be caused by certain cancers. A blockage of pericardial fluids or a collection of blood within the pericardium also can lead to this condition.
What is the epidemiology of pericarditis?
The incidence of acute pericarditis is approximately 27.7 per 100,000 individuals annually. The recurrence of disease is seen in almost 30% of patients after first episode. The mortality rate of acute pericarditis is approximately 1.1% in developed countries. Patients of all age groups may develop acute pericarditis.
Which viruses cause pericarditis?
Causative viruses include coxsackievirus B, echovirus, adenoviruses, influenza A and B viruses, enterovirus, mumps virus, Epstein-Barr virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1, varicella-zoster virus (VZV), measles virus, parainfluenza virus (PIV) type 2, and respiratory syncytial …
What are the 3 signs of cardiac tamponade?
The three classic signs of cardiac tamponade, which doctors refer to as Beck’s triad, are:
- low blood pressure in the arteries.
- muffled heart sounds.
- swollen or bulging neck veins, called distended veins.
What is the difference between Dressler syndrome and pericarditis?
The heart on the right shows a swollen and infected lining (pericarditis). Dressler syndrome is a type of inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart (pericarditis). Dressler syndrome is believed to be an immune system response after damage to heart tissue or to the sac surrounding the heart (pericardium).
What is the most common etiology for a pericardial fluid?
Causes of pericardial effusion may include:
- Autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus.
- Cancer of the heart or pericardium.
- Spread of cancer (metastasis), particularly lung cancer, breast cancer or Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
- Radiation therapy for cancer if the heart was in the area of the radiation.
- Chest trauma.