What is railway TCAS?
The Train Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) being implemented on Indian Railways has been designed in a manner to prevent Signal Passing at Danger (SPAD) cases, unsafe situations arising due to over speed and train collisions in station area as well as block section.
How many aerials are there in TCAS system?
In addition to the two TCAS antennas, two antennas are also required for the Mode S transponder. One antenna is mounted on the top of the aircraft while the other is mounted on the bottom.
How does automatic train protection work?
Automatic train protection (ATP) is a type of train protection system which continually checks that the speed of a train is compatible with the permitted speed allowed by signalling, including automatic stop at certain signal aspects. If it is not, ATP activates an emergency brake to stop the train.
What is railway HBL?
HBL Rail’s Train Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) is a unique system that offers both ATP features as well as Collision Avoidance features. TCAS is designed and developed to meet RDSO specification SPN/196/2012 Version 3.1.
What does TPWS stand for?
Train Protection and Warning System
TPWS (Train Protection and Warning System) and AWS (Automatic Warning System).
What is TA and RA in TCAS?
Representation of TCAS Traffic (TA) and Resolution Advisory (RA) zones.
What does RA mean in aviation?
Resolution advisory
Resolution advisory (RA) An indication given to the flight crew recommending: a) a manoeuvre intended to provide separation from all threats; or. b) a manoeuvre restriction intended to maintain existing separation.
What is railway PME?
Period of absence of Railway employees sent for Periodical Medical Examination (PME)
How does Metro train get power?
Power is supplied to moving trains with a (nearly) continuous conductor running along the track that usually takes one of two forms: an overhead line, suspended from poles or towers along the track or from structure or tunnel ceilings, or a third rail mounted at track level and contacted by a sliding “pickup shoe”.
What is a TCAS I system?
TCAS I systems are able to monitor the traffic situation around a plane (to a range of about 40 miles) and offer information on the approximate bearing and altitude of other aircraft. It can also generate collision warnings in the form of a “Traffic Advisory” (TA).
What are the most common TCAS II issues?
Most TCAS II issues reported to the Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS) encompass anomalous or erroneous operation of TCAS II equipment, TCAS-induced distraction, airborne conflicts provoked by TCAS, and non-standard use of TCAS. Like a controller, TCAS II uses Mode C information to determine vertical separation on other traffic.
When should TCAs be inhibited?
TCAS may be inhibited either totally or partially to avoid conflicts with other handling requirements, as follows: When either the ground proximity warning or windshear system is active to ensure that these alerts take priority. Descend RAs are inhibited below 1000 ft AGL and sometimes 700 ft.
What are traffic advisories and resolution advisories in TCAS II?
Traffic Advisories (TA) appear on targets detected 30-45 seconds away from convergence within the protected vertical envelope, and Resolution Advisories (RA) appear on targets 20-30 seconds from convergence. With reference to the diagram below, the TCAS II system operates as follows: