Does autophagy contribute to cell death?
The main mode of PCD in C. elegans is apoptosis, and autophagy can promote cell death when apoptosis is reduced. In the germline, autophagy can contribute to cell death in response to genotoxic stress or when apoptotic activity is reduced but does not appear to be essential under normal physiological conditions [54].
How is autophagy related to apoptosis?
Apoptosis and autophagy are important molecular processes that maintain organismal and cellular homeostasis, respectively. While apoptosis fulfills its role through dismantling damaged or unwanted cells, autophagy maintains cellular homeostasis through recycling selective intracellular organelles and molecules.
What is the difference between autophagy and Mitophagy?
Overview. Mitophagy is a process often regulated independently of the nutrient/energy/stress signals that govern basal autophagy (7). It operates primarily as a quality control mechanism, targeting dysfunctional mitochondria that may otherwise contribute to the activation of death signaling (7).
Does intermittent fasting trigger autophagy?
Research indicates that intermittent fasting, calorie restriction, and ketosis can all trigger autophagy.
What is the role of Drp1 protein in mitochondrial autophagy?
Downregulation of mitochondrial autophagy plays an important role in mediating the development of mitochondrial dysfunction and heart failure, whereas restoration of mitochondrial autophagy attenuates dysfunction in the heart during pressure overload. Keywords: Drp1 protein, mouse; autophagy; hypertrophy; mitochondria.
What does Drp1 do in the heart?
For example, Drp1 maintains or positively stimulates mitochondrial respiration, bioenergetics and ROS signaling in adult cardiomyocytes at baseline [91]. During exercise, mitochondrial fission enhances, rather than impairs, mitochondrial function in the heart.
What is the function of DNM1 and Drp1?
Dnm1 in yeast and Drp1 in mammals, which lack the pleckstrin homology motif and the proline-rich region, function in mitochondrial fission [11]. In humans, Drp1 is expressed ubiquitously [10, 12] as multiple alternatively spliced variants [13], with higher expression levels in the heart, skeletal muscle, brain, kidney and testis [10, 13].
What is the pathophysiology of necroptosis?
Necroptosis is a form of regulated necrotic cell death mediated by Rip1 (receptor-interacting protein kinase 1), Rip3, and MLKL (mixed-lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase) [69].